方外观
Fangwaiguan(Belvedere)



方外观正面(1786年铜版画)
Facade of Fangwaiguan (copperplate.1786)


竹亭北面(1786年铜版画)
North side of thw Bamboo Pavilions (copperplate.1786)

位于谐奇趣之东,建于1759年(乾隆二十四年)。为三间坐北朝南的两层西式小楼,左右有环形石梯可登。室内棚顶连墙皆装饰西洋通景大画。楼上东西墙有四扇玻璃挂屏,各贴一幅人物绢画,由西洋画师王致诚绘。楼下明间有一面大玻璃镜,西间墙上挂郎世宁仿画的西洋毯,东间设一面西洋借光镜和一架"龙凤水法"。据说此楼曾是乾隆帝维族爱妃(容妃,俗称香妃)作礼拜的地方,室内安放两块伊斯兰教碑文。碑为白色大理石,直径1.3米左右,刻阿拉伯文碑文,意译为:"奥斯曼爱真主,真主爱奥斯曼","阿里爱真主,真主爱阿里"。二碑早已不在,但20世纪初叶留存有该碑文影像。方外观西南桥外有一座西式八角亭。



方外观遗址今貌
Ruins of Fangwaiguan(1927)


方外观八角亭残柱
The surviving pillars of the octagonal pavilion outside Fangwaiguan

Fangwaiguan was a two-storied European palace. Built in 1759, it faced south, sitting to the east of Xieqiqu. Outside, a pair of the second floor to the ground. The ceilings and walls on the two floors were covered with a Western-style landscape painting. On the eastern and western walls of the second floor hung four glass screens, each holding a figure painting on silk painted by J.Denis Attiret. There were three rooms on the first floor. In the central room stood a large mirror, on a wall in the west room hung a Western-style tapestry with patterns designed by Giussepe Castiglione; in the east room stood a Western-style mirror, reflecting the Dragon-Phoenix Fountain outside. It is said that this building used to be the place of worship for a Uygur concubine in favor with Emperor Qianlong. There were also a pair of round, white marble tablets, both 1.3m in diameter, bearing inscriptions in Arabic, one saying: Ottoman loves Allah, and allah loves Ottoman; and the other: Ali loves Allah, and Allah loves Ali. The tablets disappeared, leaving only photographs taken early in this century. Beyond the bridge in the southeast of Fangwaiguan was a Western-style octagonal pavilion.


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